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Smoke taint is a condition that affects the fruit of grape vines and causes unpalatable characteristics to the grape. Smoke exposure can greatly affect the taste and quality of the tainted wine.
Smoke taint occurs where a bushfire burns in the vicinity of a wine area and the smoke drifts throughout the crop. This smoke is then absorbed by the grape, resulting in a change in characteristics of the flavour of the fruit, leaving an ashy, burnt smoky flavour.
No, grape smoke taint cannot be treated. Once a grape has been tainted, the fruit retains the tainted characteristics and is rendered unsuitable for wine production. Generally it cannot be used.
Once a vineyard is blanketed in smoke from a nearby bushfire, volatile phenols produced by burning timber are absorbed by the fruit on the vine through the grape skin and into the grape flesh.
It only takes a relatively short period of time for a vineyard to be shrouded in bushfire smoke before the grapes become tainted and, obviously, the longer the crop is exposed to smoke the greater the effect.
However, fruit that has only minor exposure may still be used and most likely not detected by the consumer in the end product. Some may even say it is another characteristic level to the taste.
Yes, wine made from smoke tainted grapes can be consumed with no medical effect to the consumer. However, grapes and smoke are not a palatable pairing. If a wine was to be released containing smoke taint characteristics, it would not sell well and the damage to reputation of the winemaker and the label could be disastrous.
Yes, smoke tainted grapes can be insured. There are two variations of cover available. One is where the grapes themselves are chemically analysed by a laboratory and the direct level of taint is detected on the fruit, which can lead to the grapes being rendered unusable. The second is where the grapes are used and wine is produced but the bottled product is unsaleable due to the taint becoming more noticeable post production.